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Monday, July 15, 2019

The Lord’s Choosing

The Lord’s the one who makes the choice of the instrument He’s using;
We don’t know the reasons and the plans behind His choosing.
So when the Lord starts using you, don’t you pay it any mind;
He could have used the dog next door, if He’d been so inclined.

Don Francisco, in the song Balaam

Sunday, July 14, 2019

Peace, perfect peace


Edward Henry Bickersteth, Jr. wrote the following interesting poem. Each stanza, except the last, in the first line asks a question about peace, and the second line answers the question. He was son of Edward Bickersteth, Sr. He was born at Islington, January 1825. He was educated at Trinity College, Cambridge. Bickersteth served a Vicar of Christ Church in Hampstead from 1855-1885, and as Bishop of Exeter from 1885-1900. He died March 15, 1906 at age 81. He and his wife Rosa Bignold Bickersteth are buried at the Exeter Cathedral in Exeter, Devon, England.

1. Peace, perfect peace, in this dark world of sin?
The blood of Jesus whispers peace within.

2. Peace, perfect peace, by thronging duties press’d?
To do the will of Jesus, this is rest.

3. Peace, perfect peace, with sorrows surging round?
On Jesus’ bosom naught but calm is found.

4. Peace, perfect peace, with loved ones far away?
In Jesus’ keeping we are safe and they.

5. Peace, perfect peace, our future all unknown?
Jesus we know, and He is on the throne.

6. Peace, perfect peace, death shadowing us and ours?
Jesus has vanquish’d death and all its powers.

7. It is enough: earth’s struggles soon shall cease,
And Jesus calls us to Heav’n’s perfect peace.

Some versions include the following as the fourth stanza:

4. Peace, perfect peace, ’mid suffering’s sharpest throes?
The sympathy of Jesus breathes repose.

The words are usually, if not always, set to the tune Pax Tecum [i] No. 280, page 341 in The Hymnal Companion to the Book of Common Prayer: with Accompanying Tunes (London: Sampson Low, Marston & Company, 1890).

[i] Latin meaning “peace be with you” or “may peace be with you.”

Friday, July 12, 2019

A Critical Assessment, and other book reviews

The posting of book or film reviews does not constitute endorsement of the books or book reviews that are linked.

Thursday, July 11, 2019

Family Values

All these verses speak of family values in some way or another.
  • Genesis 14:13-14 And there came one that had escaped, and told Abram the Hebrew; for he dwelt in the plain of Mamre the Amorite, brother of Eshcol, and brother of Aner: and these were confederate with Abram. And when Abram heard that his brother was taken captive, he armed his trained servants, born in his own house, three hundred and eighteen, and pursued them unto Dan.
  • Deuteronomy 6:6-7 And these words, which I command thee this day, shall be in thine heart: 7 and thou shalt teach them diligently unto thy children, and shalt talk of them when thou sittest in thine house, and when thou walkest by the way, and when thou liest down, and when thou risest up.
  • Joshua 24:15 ...as for me and my house, we will serve the Lord.
  • Job 1:13 And there was a day when his sons and his daughters were eating and drinking wine in their eldest brother’s house:
  • Job 42:11 Then came there unto him all his brethren, and all his sisters, and all they that had been of his acquaintance before, and did eat bread with him in his house: and they bemoaned him, and comforted him over all the evil that the Lord had brought upon him: every man also gave him a piece of money, and every one an earring of gold.
  • Psalm 68:6 God setteth the solitary in families: he bringeth out those which are bound with chains: but the rebellious dwell in a dry land.
  • Psalm 107:41 Yet setteth he the poor on high from affliction, and maketh him families like a flock.
  • Psalm 127:1,3-5 Except the Lord build the house, they labour in vain that build it...Lo, children are an heritage of the Lord: and the fruit of the womb is his reward. As arrows are in the hand of a mighty man; so are children of the youth. Happy is the man that hath his quiver full of them: they shall not be ashamed, but they shall speak with the enemies in the gate.
  • Psalm 133:1 Behold, how good and how pleasant it is for brethren to dwell together in unity!
  • Proverbs 4:3-4 For I was my father’s son, tender and only beloved in the sight of my mother. He taught me also, and said unto me, Let thine heart retain my words: keep my commandments, and live.
  • Proverbs 11:29 He that troubleth his own house shall inherit the wind: and the fool shall be servant to the wise of heart.
  • Proverbs 12:7 The wicked are overthrown, and are not: but the house of the righteous shall stand.
  • Proverbs 17:6 Children’s children are the crown of old men; and the glory of children are their fathers.
  • Proverbs 23:22 Hearken unto thy father that begat thee, and despise not thy mother when she is old.
  • Proverbs 31:28 Her children arise up, and call her blessed; her husband also, and he praiseth her.
  • Mark 7:10-13 For Moses said, Honour thy father and thy mother; and, Whoso curseth father or mother, let him die the death: But ye say, If a man shall say to his father or mother, It is Corban, that is to say, a gift, by whatsoever thou mightest be profited by me; he shall be free. And ye suffer him no more to do ought for his father or his mother; making the word of God of none effect through your tradition, which ye have delivered: and many such like things do ye.
  • Luke 1:58 And her neighbours and her cousins heard how the Lord had shewed great mercy upon her; and they rejoiced with her.
  • John 2:1-2 And the third day there was a marriage in Cana of Galilee; and the mother of Jesus was there: and both Jesus was called, and his disciples, to the marriage.
  • John 11:3-5 Therefore his sisters sent unto him, saying, Lord, behold, he whom thou lovest is sick. When Jesus heard that, he said, This sickness is not unto death, but for the glory of God, that the Son of God might be glorified thereby. Now Jesus loved Martha, and her sister, and Lazarus.
  • John 19:26 When Jesus therefore saw his mother, and the disciple standing by, whom he loved, he saith unto his mother, Woman, behold thy son!
  • Ephesians 6:2 Honour thy father and mother; (which is the first commandment with promise;)
  • 1 Timothy 5:4,8,16 But if any widow have children or nephews, let them learn first to shew piety at home, and to requite their parents: for that is good and acceptable before God...But if any provide not for his own, and specially for those of his own house, he hath denied the faith, and is worse than an infidel...If any man or woman that believeth have widows, let them relieve them...
  • 1 John 4:20 If a man say, I love God, and hateth his brother, he is a liar: for he that loveth not his brother whom he hath seen, how can he love God whom he hath not seen?

Wednesday, July 10, 2019

Autonomy and none of your business

Church autonomy is a biblical and time-honored Baptist principle. “Autonomy” means the right or condition of self-government or self-control. In Baptist ecclesiology this means that each local congregation is self-governing. A Baptist church recognizes no secular governmental control or religious denominational control over faith and religious practice. The highest authority under heaven given among men is a local congregation of baptized believers. Biblical autonomy is not lawlessness, but rather asserts that a church is governed by its head and lawgiver, Jesus Christ, and the inspired word that he has given (the Bible, John 17:14).

Unfortunately, a number of Baptists use autonomy as an excuse to do what they wish, regardless of biblical teachings. The more liberal element has hid behind autonomy for all sorts of modernistic heresies (e.g. origin of man a myth and blood atonement a superstition), but conservatives are guilty in their own realm.

Another time-honored Baptist principle is regenerate church membership – that a church is made up only of believers baptized upon a credible profession of faith. Most conservatives will agree on this, yet may exercise some latitude on how they receive, dismiss, and record members. “How my church manages its membership roll is none of your business,” one Baptist pastor boldly proclaimed. True, based on autonomy, no other Baptist church can tell them what to do! That doesn’t mean it is “none of your business.” While we are independent, we are also dependent on the Word, and interdependent with each other. “For none of us liveth to himself, and no man dieth to himself” (Romans 14:7), and so it is true of the churches as well. If your church accepts the unacceptable and keeps the unacceptable in your membership, our church has no ruling authority to make you do otherwise. However, we vocally assert that your practice is unbiblical, can choose not to fellowship your church, and choose not to receive members or letters from your church. When your practice is unscriptural and we are trying to be scriptural, your practice is in that sense some of our business!

The principle of local church autonomy must operate consistently and distinctly within biblical theology and ecclesiology. On the subject of complementarianism and women’s roles in church, a Southern Baptist minister expressed that “as long as a church is faithful to the BF&M 2000, a local church can decide what role women can have in their local church.” Well, that may sit well with many Southern Baptists, but it is the Bible that governs our faith and practice, including the roles of men and women in the church. If they can get along cooperating based on the Baptist Faith and Message – which says “the office of pastor is limited to men” (often interpreted as “senior pastor”) – fine for them. Nevertheless, we hope to make it our business to cooperate on the basis of the New Testament.

Ultimately, autonomy is practiced by almost all Baptist churches. No outside entity can compel them to function in any particular way. That does not mean that any way that a Baptist church chooses to function is biblical. A church’s autonomy ends where her violation of Scripture begins – not that she comes under the authority of another church or some denominational body, but that she has run afoul of the authority of her head (Colossians 1:18), who purchased her with his own blood (Acts 20:28), the Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ. Somehow, some way, glory in the churches by Christ Jesus is the business of all of the Lord’s churches (Ephesians 3:21).

Tuesday, July 09, 2019

Hazelelponi

Last year I posted briefly about the biblical character Hazelelponi. What follows is something I found while researching the name.
The name Hazelelponi starts with the letter ה (he), and that seems to indicate the grammatical form which indicates an active causative form of what follows.The first of these comes from the root group צלל The verb צלל (salal III) means to be or grow dark. This verb occurs twice: Nehemiah 3:19 and Ezekiel 31:3.  The common, masculine, noun צל (sel) meaning shade or shadow. This noun occurs frequently in the Bible (Judges 9:15, Jeremiah 6:4, Jonah 4:5). This noun is frequently employed to describe the transitoriness of life (Job 8:9, 17:7, Psalm 144:3, 102:12). The second part of the name comes from the verb פנה (pana), meaning to turn.
Hazelelponi at Abarim Publications

Monday, July 08, 2019

The blessed Redeemer stooped

How wondrous that he who, as the Son of God, made angels (Colossians 1:16), should be made inferior to them, and even need and receive their ministering aid and succour (Matthew 4:11).
O the depths of humiliation to which the blessed Redeemer stooped, carrying down into their lowest point that pure, spotless, holy humanity which he had assumed into union with his divine Person as the Son of God!
And let us ever bear carefully in mind that humiliation is not degradation. Our blessed Lord “humbled himself” by a voluntary act of surpassing grace; and it was no more in the power of men or circumstances to debase him of his glory than of lying witnesses to strip him of his innocency.
J. C. Philpot (1802 – 1869)

Sunday, July 07, 2019

I have found His grace is all complete


A popular song I have known and sung from my youth is Joy Unspeakable. Barney Elliott Warren wrote both the words and music. The thought is based on 1 Peter 1:8. It probably first appeared in Salvation Echoes: a New Collection of Spiritual Songs (Gospel Trumpet Company). Warren was a prolific songwriter, but sources suggest that most of his songs have fallen out of use other than among the Churches of God. Joy Unspeakable has remained popular among us to sing in worship, and when a new member has joined the church. We sometimes sing his song Beautiful.

B. E. Warren was born February 20, 1867 in Lewiston, New York. In 1884 he joined the Church of God (Anderson, Indiana) and ministered in that denomination until his death. He sang bass in Daniel Sidney Warner’s company of singers and married Nannie Kigar, who also sang with Warner’s group. He pastored for the Church of God, and edited numerous songbooks for the Gospel Trumpet Company, which is the publishing arm of that Church of God. Warren died on April 21, 1951 in Springfield, Ohio. He and his wife are buried in Vale Cemetery in Springfield. In 1942, Axchie A. Bolitho wrote of Warren’s life in To the Chief Singer: A Brief Story of the Work and Influence of Barney E. Warren.

1. I have found His grace is all complete,
He supplieth every need;
While I sit and learn at Jesus’ feet,
I am free, yes, free indeed.

2. I have found the pleasure I once craved,
It is joy and peace within;
What a wondrous blessing, I am saved
From the awful gulf of sin.

3. I have found that hope so bright and clear,
Living in the realm of grace;
Oh, the Savior’s presence is so near,
I can see His smiling face.

4. I have found the joy no tongue can tell,
How its waves of glory roll;
It is like a great o’erflowing well,
Springing up within my soul.

Refrain:
It is joy unspeakable and full of glory,
Full of glory, full of glory;
It is joy unspeakable and full of glory,
Oh, the half has never yet been told.

Saturday, July 06, 2019

More word definitions

  • aigre-doux, adjective. That combines elements of sourness and sweetness; simultaneously sour and sweet; bittersweet. Frequently of a sauce (cf. agrodolce adj.) and also in figurative contexts.
  • aperitivo, noun. A (usually alcoholic) drink served before a meal to stimulate the appetite.
  • bumbledom, noun. Petty local bureaucracy; officious and pompous behaviour by minor officials; officials of this type collectively.
  • capitalism, noun. An economic and political system in which a country’s trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state.
  • downcycle, verb, transitive. To reuse (waste material) to create a product of lower quality or value than the original. Cf. upcycle.
  • entredeux, noun. An insertion of decorative lace, linen, or other material; spec. a narrow band of embroidered trim consisting of a line of holes.
  • gilravage, noun. Noisy or drunken merrymaking; boisterous play; commotion, confusion. Also: an instance of this.
  • gloopy, adjective. Glutinous, viscous; gluey or sticky; sloppy or gooey.
  • imperium, noun. Absolute or supreme power or dominion.
  • nebby, adjective. Interfering, inquisitive, nosy.
  • pax tecum, phrase. peace be with you, Latin.
  • riot, noun. Waywardness; contrariness. Obsolete.
  • sitient, adjective. Thirsty; dry, parched; (figurative) greedy, covetous.
  • socialism, noun. A political and economic theory of social organization which advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole.
  • stickybeak, noun. The nose of an overly inquisitive person, which ‘sticks’ or pries into the affairs of others.
  • subact, verb, transitive. To work up, knead, mix, break down, or assimilate (a substance), as in the process of digestion. Also (and in earliest use) figurative.
  • upcycle, verb, transitive. To reuse (discarded objects or material) in such a way as to create a product of higher quality or value than the original. Cf. downcycle.
  • verbalist, noun and adjective. A person whose speech or writing lacks meaning, substance, value, a basis in reality, etc., or who is given to long-winded or verbose self-expression.
  • vox nihili, noun. A word, or word form, which does not really exist, often being the result of an editorial misreading, scribal mistake, printing error, etc.
  • zeep, verb, intransitive. To produce a high-pitched noise like that produced by friction or something travelling at speed; esp. (of an animal or bird) to give a call or emit a sound of this sort.

Thursday, July 04, 2019

Top 10 Most Highlighted Bible Verses, and other links

The posting of links does not constitute an endorsement of the sites linked, and not necessarily even agreement with the specific posts linked.

Appalachia’s Lost Hymn, and other music links

The posting of links does not constitute an endorsement of the sites linked, and not necessarily even agreement with the specific posts linked.

Wednesday, July 03, 2019

Today in Paradise

In answer to a dying thief’s request, “Lord, remember me when thou comest into thy kingdom,” “And Jesus said unto him, Verily I say unto thee, To day shalt thou be with me in paradise” (Luke 23:43). This statement speaks to us these following truths.

Present day
“To day” – This would not happen tomorrow or some indefinite undisclosed time in the future. On this day of their deaths, they would be in paradise. Death, for the Christian, ushers one into the presence of God (2 Corinthians 5:8; Philippians 1:23; cf. also Ecclesiastes 12:7; Luke 16:22; Romans 14:8).

Definite Promise
“shalt be” – This is an accurate prophecy, a positive promise, with an unquestionable result. The fulfillment hinges on their deaths happening that day. Were the two left on the cross to die the next day, the promise would not have been fulfilled. Jesus not only controlled the dismissal of his spirit, but all the events of his arrest, sentencing, and crucifixion (John 18:6; John 19:11; John 19:30; Acts 4:27-28).

Particular person
“thou” – The promise was to this man in particular, but for example, not to the other thief (cf. also, “I say unto thee…” Universal salvation is a hopeless hope, the pipe dream of the biblically uninitiated. God’s people will dwell with him in eternal glory while others are cast from his presence (Revelation 20:15-21:3; 2 Thessalonians 1:8-9; 2 Corinthians 2:15-16; John 6:37; Matthew 1:21).

Divine presence
“with me” – The promise is to dwell with Jesus, be in his presence. Wherever Jesus is, ’tis heaven! Jesus said, “that where I am ye may be also” (John 14:3). He will never leave us or forsake us, neither in life nor in death (Isaiah 41:10; Hebrews 13:5). Things we do not understand of heaven and eternity fade into the background by the dear words “be with me.” May we desire to live where Jesus lives. If he is in the garden, we should want to be be there. If he is in the wilderness, we should want to be there. If he is in the valley or on the mountaintop, we want to be there. It does not matter – where Jesus is – that is the place to be!” On land or sea, what matters where? Where Jesus is, ’tis Heaven there.”[i]

Beautiful place
“in paradise” – Paradise (Gk. paradeisos) derives from a Persian word with the idea of a beautiful garden or park.[ii] It is used in three verses in the New Testament (Luke 23:43, 2 Corinthians 12:4, and Revelation 2:7. With Revelation 2:7, cf. Revelation 22:2; the tree of life is in paradise and in the New Jerusalem). His people will behold the beauty of the Lord (Psalm 27:4), worship the Lord in the beauty of holiness (Psalm 29:2), and dwell eternally in a gloriously beautiful place (Psalm 48:2; Revelation 22:1-5).

Luke 23:42-43 And he said unto Jesus, Lord, remember me when thou comest into thy kingdom. And Jesus said unto him, Verily I say unto thee, To day shalt thou be with me in paradise.


[i] Hymn by Charles F. Butler, circa 1898.
[ii] In the Septuagint, the Greek word παράδεισος was used to translate Hebrew words for “garden” (see, e.g. Genesis 2:8; Numbers 24:6 ; Ezekiel 28:13).

Tuesday, July 02, 2019

In relation to the Lord’s coming

Various things and their relation to the Lord’s coming

We have what we need to use until the Lord’s coming.
1 Corinthians 1:7 so that ye come behind in no gift; waiting for the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ:

We judge nothing before the time, for the Lord is coming.
1 Corinthians 4:5 Therefore judge nothing before the time, until the Lord come, who both will bring to light the hidden things of darkness, and will make manifest the counsels of the hearts: and then shall every man have praise of God.

We partake communion with an eye to the Lord’s coming – “till he come.”
1 Corinthians 11:26 For as often as ye eat this bread, and drink this cup, ye do shew the Lord’s death till he come.

We have prospect of joy at the Lord’s coming.
1 Thessalonians 2:19 For what is our hope, or joy, or crown of rejoicing? Are not even ye in the presence of our Lord Jesus Christ at his coming?

We are to get along, love one another, looking for the Lord’s coming.
1 Thessalonians 3:12-13 And the Lord make you to increase and abound in love one toward another, and toward all men, even as we do toward you: to the end he may stablish your hearts unblameable in holiness before God, even our Father, at the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ with all his saints.

The dead will be raised at the Lord’s coming.
1 Thessalonians 4:15 For this we say unto you by the word of the Lord, that we which are alive and remain unto the coming of the Lord shall not prevent them which are asleep.

We have confidence because of the Lord’s coming.
2 Thessalonians 2:1 Now we beseech you, brethren, by the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ, and by our gathering together unto him,

We are to preach the word in view of the Lord’s coming.
2 Timothy 4:1-2 I charge thee therefore before God, and the Lord Jesus Christ, who shall judge the quick and the dead at his appearing and his kingdom; preach the word; be instant in season, out of season; reprove, rebuke, exhort with all longsuffering and doctrine.

We should assemble together in anticipation of the Lord’s coming.
Hebrews 10:25 not forsaking the assembling of ourselves together, as the manner of some is; but exhorting one another: and so much the more, as ye see the day approaching.

We exercise patience in light of the Lord’s coming.
James 5:8 Be ye also patient; stablish your hearts: for the coming of the Lord draweth nigh.

Monday, July 01, 2019

A Biblical Approach, and other links

The posting of links does not constitute an endorsement of the sites linked, and not necessarily even agreement with the specific posts linked.

Ardent Desires

We must have our heart ready to burst with pantings, longings, and ardent desires that this blessed Immanuel would come down from the heaven of heavens in which he dwells beyond the vail, into our heart, and shed abroad his precious dying love there. Now, is not this your feeling, child of God? It has been mine over and over again. Is it not your feeling as you lie upon your bed, sometimes, with sweet and earnest pantings after the Lord of life and glory? As you walk by the way, as you are engaged in your daily business, as you are secretly musing and meditating, are there not often the goings forth of these longings and breathings into the very bosom of the Lord? But you cannot have this, unless you have seen him by the eye of an enlightened understanding, by the eye of faith, and had a taste of his beauty, a glimpse of his glory, and a discovery of his eternal preciousness.
J. C. Philpot (1802 – 1869)

Sunday, June 30, 2019

Where Jesus Is

In or before 1898, Charles F. Butler and James M. Black wrote Where Jesus is, ’Tis Heaven, which first appeared in The Chorus of Praise for use in Sunday Schools, Young People’s Meetings, Revivals, Prayer Meetings, and All the Social Services of the Church (J. M. Black, editor, New York, NY: Eaton & Mains, 1898). Charles F. Butler wrote the words, and James Milton Black wrote the music. The song has appeared in many hymnals since. That Jesus makes heaven what/where it is remains a popular idea among believing Christians.

The author the words is unknown to this writer.[i] The Chorus of Praise has “C. F. Butler” in 1898, but in other books the hymn is variously credited to C. M. Butler and C. J. Butler – even B. F. Butler. James Milton Black is a well-known composer and songbook editor. He was born in South Hill, New York in 1856, but spent most of his life in Williamsport, Pennsylvania. He served at the Methodist Episcopal Church as a Sunday School teacher. Black died in 1938. He and his wife are buried at the Wildwood Cemetery in Williamsport, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania. Probably his best known song is When The Roll Is Call Up Yonder.

1. Since Christ my soul from sin set free,
This world has been a heav’n to me;
And ’mid earth’s sorrows and its woe,
’Tis heav’n my Jesus here to know.

2. Once heaven seemed a far-off place,
Till Jesus showed His smiling face;
Now it’s begun within my soul,
’Twill last while endless ages roll.

3. What matters where on earth we dwell?
On mountain top, or in the dell?
In cottage, or a mansion fair,
Where Jesus is, ’tis heaven there.

Chorus:
O hallelujah, yes, ’tis heav’n,
’Tis heav’n to know my sins forgiv’n;
On land or sea, what matters where,
Where Jesus is, ’tis heaven there.

Soul Stirring Songs (1918, John T. Benson) has a 4th stanza by R. E. W. (apparently Robert Emmett Winsett, 1876-1952)

4. When I have Christ within my soul,
And by his blood cleansed and made whole,
There’s peace and joy beyond compare,
With Christ, my Lord, ’tis heaven there.


[i] He Saves to the Uttermost, which begins “I was once far away from the Savior,” is credited to C. J. Butler, but also to Chas. I. Butler. I do not know whether this is the same person.

Saturday, June 29, 2019

Three quotes related to Bible verses

John 17:11 ...Holy Father...
"Holy keeps him at a distance. Father brings him near." -- Ravi Zacharias

Mark 15:37 And Jesus cried with a loud voice, and gave up the ghost.
"Jesus’s life was not leaking out of him; he was pouring it out." -- Farrell Shepherd

Ezekiel 14:9 "I the Lord have deceived that prophet - A deep truth lies beneath these words, namely, that evil as well as good is under God’s direction. He turns it as He will, employing it to test the sincerity of men, and thus making it ultimately contribute to the purification of His people, to the confirmation of the righteous, to the increase of their glory and felicity." -- Albert Barnes

Friday, June 28, 2019

The Treaty of Versailles

Treaty of Versailles
"World War I officially ended with the signing of the Treaty of Versailles on June 28, 1919. Negotiated among the Allied powers with little participation by Germany, its 15 parts and 440 articles reassigned German boundaries and assigned liability for reparations. After strict enforcement for five years, the French assented to the modification of important provisions. Germany agreed to pay reparations under the Dawes Plan and the Young Plan, but those plans were cancelled in 1932, and Hitler’s rise to power and subsequent actions rendered moot the remaining terms of the treaty."
The Armistice of Compiègne had effectively stopped the war November 11, 1918, but the Treaty of Versailles officially ended World War I on this day 100 years ago.

Thursday, June 27, 2019

National Popular Vote Interstate Compact

According to Wikipedia, “The National Popular Vote Interstate Compact (NPVIC) is an agreement among a group of U. S. states and the District of Columbia to award all their electoral votes to whichever presidential candidate wins the overall popular vote in the 50 states and the District of Columbia.”

The idea is the brainchild of those who oppose of the Constitutional process of electing U. S. Presidents by electoral vote but rather desire them to be elected by a majority popular vote. The NPVIC therefore aims to make an end-run around the Constitution – rather than changing it head-on with an amendment. It would “ensure that the candidate who receives the most votes nationwide is elected president.”

I had heard of this concept and its movement before, but had not paid much attention to it. However (again according to Wikipedia), “As of June 2019, it has been adopted by fifteen states and the District of Columbia. Together, they have 196 electoral votes, which is 36.4% of the Electoral College and 72.6% of the 270 votes needed to give the compact legal force.” Commenters both pro and con say that this initiative is (1) designed to ensure that the candidate who receives the most votes nationwide is elected president, and (2) that a state’s electoral process change would come into effect only when it would guarantee that outcome. [emp. mine]

According to its proponents, this measure is constitutional because Article II, Section 1 of the Constitution says, “Each State shall appoint, in such Manner as the Legislature thereof may direct, a Number of Electors, equal to the whole Number of Senators and Representatives to which the State may be entitled in the Congress…” Their point, then, is that the appointment of electors falls under the purview of the States. Detractors, however, note that the power of the state is to choose electors, but they cannot tell him for whom to vote. Some also believe it violates the Constitution’s compact clause by states entering into a compact to change the outcome of the presidential election. The initiative is not merely a state changing its electoral process but multiple states entering into a compact one with another to accomplish a designed result.

Here are two quotes from a report by the Congressional Research Service on National Popular Vote. First from the “Summary” (unpaged) of “The National Popular Vote (NPV) Initiative: Direct Election of the President by Interstate Compact”:
The National Popular Vote (NPV) initiative proposes an agreement among the states, an interstate compact that would effectively achieve direct popular election of the President and Vice President without a constitutional amendment. It relies on the Constitution’s grant of authority to the states in Article II, Section 1 to appoint presidential electors “in such Manner as the Legislature thereof may direct....” Any state that joins the NPV compact pledges to award all its electoral votes to the presidential ticket that wins the most popular votes nationwide, regardless of who wins in that particular state. The number of electoral votes won by the national popular vote winners would depend on the number of electoral votes controlled by NPV member states. The compact would, however, come into effect only if its success has been assured; that is, only if states controlling a majority of electoral votes (270 or more) join the compact. [bold mine]
Second, from page 20:
Whether the NPV initiative requires congressional consent under the Compact Clause first requires a determination as to whether NPV even constitutes an interstate compact. At times, its supporters have resisted framing the initiative as an interstate compact, arguably out of concern for running afoul of the Compact Clause’s provisions. For example, Professor Akhil Amar has argued that because the initiative does not create a “new interstate governmental apparatus,” the NPV should not be considered an interstate compact, as NPV compact signatory states are merely exercising power collectively that each state could exercise on its own. It is unclear, however, whether the creation of a new interstate governmental entity formed out of an agreement between two or more states is necessary, as opposed to sufficient, in order to deem an agreement as being an interstate compact subject to the Compact Clause.
The Congressional Research Service finds that it is unclear whether this National Popular Vote Compact is “subject to the Compact Clause.” This is mainly where the debate will be and where the compact will be challenged in court. When I first heard the idea of a state allocating their electoral votes to the “popular-vote-getter,” it did not seem to me that it would be unconstitutional – since states already determine how they allocate their electoral votes. For example, states already decide whether the winner in their states get all the electoral votes, or whether to parcel them out.[i] I had not considered a possible violation of the Compact Clause or that states were colluding one with another. However, it is worth considering the fact that states are compacting (from a positive viewpoint) or conspiring (from a negative viewpoint) to effect a change in the Constitution without going through the process of amending it.

Whether or not it is constitutional, I do not like the idea. First, I think the present Electoral College system works and has served us well from the beginning of our Republic. Part of the initiative seems like sour grapes. Democrats have recently lost twice under the rules, so now they want to change the rules.[ii] Secondly, under this compact a state overrides the intent of the popular vote of its own citizens! How weird and arrogant would want to throw away the votes of their own people. If enough American citizens want to elect the President of the United States by nationwide popular vote, let them do it through their representatives presenting a constitutional amendment rather than states working around the Constitution. If so, let it be a true popular vote, rather than a mongrel system – one that hangs on to the Electoral College while not reflecting the will of the people who voted for their electors.

Best yet, let’s leave it alone!

Here are two links on the topic


[i] 48 states have a winner-take-all system – the winner of the majority of the votes of the citizens of the state will receive all of the state’s electoral votes. Two states – Maine and Nebraska – divide their electoral votes proportionately by congressional district, instead of giving all the electoral votes to the candidate who wins the statewide popular vote.
[ii] Both George W. Bush in 2000 and Donald Trump in 2016 lost the popular vote but won the electoral vote, thereby becoming president. In addition, the following men lost the popular vote but won the presidency – Benjamin Harrison in 1888, Rutherford B. Hayes in 1876, and John Quincy Adams in 1824. Harrison and Hayes won by electoral vote. In the case of Adams (the first year the popular vote was even recorded) no candidate had enough electoral votes and the House of Representatives decided the outcome of the election.

Wednesday, June 26, 2019

Jesus, Our High Priest

Jesus is our High Priest.
Hebrews 3:1 Wherefore, holy brethren, partakers of the heavenly calling, consider the Apostle and High Priest of our profession, Christ Jesus;

Jesus is not our High Priest according to the law of Moses.
Hebrews 7:14 For it is evident that our Lord sprang out of Juda; of which tribe Moses spake nothing concerning priesthood.
Hebrews 8:4 For if he were on earth, he should not be a priest, seeing that there are priests that offer gifts according to the law:

Jesus is our High Priest through a miraculous incarnation. He identifies with his people and makes reconciliation for their sins.
Hebrews 2:17 Wherefore in all things it behoved him to be made like unto his brethren, that he might be a merciful and faithful high priest in things pertaining to God, to make reconciliation for the sins of the people.
triumphant resurrection
Hebrews 4:14-15 Seeing then that we have a great high priest, that is passed into the heavens, Jesus the Son of God, let us hold fast our profession. For we have not an high priest which cannot be touched with the feeling of our infirmities; but was in all points tempted like as we are, yet without sin.

Jesus is our High Priest by a divine calling. He did not take it on himself, but was called of God.
Hebrews 5:4-6 And no man taketh this honour unto himself, but he that is called of God, as was Aaron. So also Christ glorified not himself to be made an high priest; but he that said unto him, Thou art my Son, to day have I begotten thee. As he saith also in another place, Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchisedec.
Hebrews 5:10 called of God an high priest after the order of Melchisedec.

Jesus is our High Priest after the order of Melchisedec. Melchidsedec’s priesthood preceded the law and Levi.
Hebrews 5:6 As he saith also in another place, Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchisedec.
Hebrews 6:20 whither the forerunner is for us entered, even Jesus, made an high priest for ever after the order of Melchisedec.
Hebrews 7:15-16 And it is yet far more evident: for that after the similitude of Melchisedec there ariseth another priest, who is made, not after the law of a carnal commandment, but after the power of an endless life.

Jesus is our High Priest by a perpetual oath. It is founded on the oath of God, “The Lord sware and will not repent.”
Hebrews 7:20-21 And inasmuch as not without an oath he was made priest: (for those priests were made without an oath; but this with an oath by him that said unto him, The Lord sware and will not repent, Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchisedec:)
Hebrews 7:28 For the law maketh men high priests which have infirmity; but the word of the oath, which was since the law, maketh the Son, who is consecrated for evermore.

Jesus is our High Priest through an everlasting life. His life is endless, no beginning or end, so his priesthood has no end.
Hebrews 7:24-27 but this man, because he continueth ever, hath an unchangeable priesthood. Wherefore he is able also to save them to the uttermost that come unto God by him, seeing he ever liveth to make intercession for them. For such an high priest became us, who is holy, harmless, undefiled, separate from sinners, and made higher than the heavens; who needeth not daily, as those high priests, to offer up sacrifice, first for his own sins, and then for the people’s: for this he did once, when he offered up himself.
Hebrews 7:15-16 And it is yet far more evident: for that after the similitude of Melchisedec there ariseth another priest, who is made, not after the law of a carnal commandment, but after the power of an endless life.

We have an High Priest. His name is Jesus.
Hebrews 8:1 Now of the things which we have spoken this is the sum: We have such an high priest, who is set on the right hand of the throne of the Majesty in the heavens;

Jesus, our great High Priest,
Has satisfaction made;
Ye weary spirits, rest;
Ye mourning souls, be glad:
Charles Wesley