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Wednesday, May 15, 2019

Goodbye, friend of many, friend of mine

About this time yesterday at lot of folks gathered at the Autry Funeral Home in Jacksonville, Texas to say good-bye to an old friend, Campbell Barnwell Anderson III. Many did not know his first name was Campbell, or that he was the third. (And I guess I only knew because of the genealogist in me.) He was better known as Barnwell, C. B., Elder C. B. Anderson, or Rev. C. B. Anderson. To me he was usually “Brother Anderson,” unless I was addressing a letter to him in which I used “Elder” (which he preferred over “Reverend”). Brother Anderson was someone I knew most of my life – in early life because he was a shape note singer and we attended lots of those singings! I really came to know him, though, as an adult who not only had singing, but also preaching and history in common as well. We would compare notes when able, and he graciously agreed to read and write the Foreword for my book Materials Toward a History of Feet Washing among the Baptists

Brother Anderson was a Christian gentleman, a powerful preacher, a scholar, and a lover & teacher of history (at Jacksonville College). He was a man of gargantuan labour under difficult physical adversity. He was afflicted with polio at the age of four. He attributed this to God’s Providence to make him who he was to be. In 1957 he and his wife left their native land to move some 450-500 miles to attend the BMAA Seminary in Jacksonville – doubtless unknowing that they would spend the rest of their lives there.

Three of his co-labourers – Edwin Crank, David Moore, and Wayne Thomspon – spoke at the service. We sang five of his favorite songs (though he had many more favorites). We began with Amazing Grace and concluded with How Firm a Foundation. In between, we sang We’re Marching to Zion (Robert Lowry), Someone to Meet Me (Marty Phillips), and I Can Hear Them Singing Over There (Albert E. Brumley).

His body was laid to rest in the Resthaven Cemetery, to await its resurrection. One former student wrote on his celebration wall – “While we plod through this world discovering how the cow ate the cabbage, Brother Anderson has shed those braces and is walking freely down the streets of gold.”

Remember his wife, Sister Annabelle Anderson, as she finishes life’s journey without her constant companion of the past 63 years.

A note from his obituary: “Rather than customary condolences, gifts may be made to Texas Southern Gospel School of Music, 305 Trailwood Drive, Crockett, TX 75835; Jacksonville Baptist College 105 B.J. Albritton Drive Jacksonville, Texas 75766; or a charity of your choice.”

Tuesday, May 14, 2019

The Intermediate State

The intermediate state: What happens in the time between physical death and physical resurrection?

In theological terms this time or period between physical death and physical resurrection is often referred to as “the intermediate state” – though as a term that is not found in the Bible. According to Dictionary.com, intermediate means being situated between two points, stages, things, persons, etc. State means the condition of a person or thing, as with respect to circumstances or attributes. For purposes of biblical discussion, the “intermediate state” is the time and nature of existence of a believer between his or her death on earth and the bodily resurrection. The intermediate state refers to a person's existence between his physical death and his future resurrection.

The intermediate state encompasses the following biblical truths:
  • Believers will experience a resurrection of the body.
  • Believers die physically before the time of the future resurrection.
  • Believers will exist “in between” these two points in time.
Most Bible-believers agree on the general concept of an intermediate state, but may have many questions of how born again believers exist during that time, that is, this intermediate state. Where will they be? What will they look like? What will they do? God’s word is not explicit on the matter, leaving the focus of the believer elsewhere. Yet his word does give us basic information that satisfies our curiosity and assures us that the deceased ones in Christ have an existence that is pure and secure.

Where are the saints?
They are with God. When the body returns back to the earth, the spirit returns to God (Ecclesiastes 12:7). Death, for the Christian, is a departure from the body and ushering in to the presence of our Lord (Philippians 1:23). Jesus promised the repentant thief on the cross “To day shalt thou be with me in paradise” (Luke 23:42-43). When he was stoned to death, Stephen expected the Lord Jesus to “receive my spirit” (Acts 7:59). To be absent from the mortal body is to be present with the Lord (2 Corinthians 5:8).

What is the nature of the saints existence?
The saints in this intermediate state do not yet have their resurrected bodies, and are not in their mortal bodies. They are “disembodied” – absent from the body, the spirit removed from the mortal dress as the person might be in a state of undress – Paul says “naked” that is, without the mortal body (2 Corinthians 5:3-4).[i] The saints in the intermediate state are not asleep or unconscious,[ii] but remain conscious. The conscious state of the disembodied saints suggests a “body” of some kind – probably a figure of speech necessary for human compression. In Luke 16:19-30 Abraham, Lazarus, and the rich man are all identifiable in their own persons.[iii] They are described as sentient beings, seeing (v. 23), hearing (vv. 24-30), speaking (v. 24), and feeling (vv. 24-25), with eyes (v. 23) and fingers (v. 24). The description of the martyrs in Revelation 6:9-11 is of “souls.” These souls were conscious, had memory of past events on earth, and cried to the Lord “with a loud voice.”

What do the saints know, and what are they doing?
Do those who are already in heaven know what is happening on earth? Saints in heaven are not sitting around watching the goings-on of earth as if it were some popular television show. Hebrews 12:1 says we are “compassed about with so great a cloud of witnesses.” This has been interpreted as if deceased saints were “leaning over a cloud” watching everything we do. However, that takes the verse out of context. This statement refers, rather, back to the witnesses’ testimony left to us on earth by the saints highlighted in Hebrews 11.

Nevertheless, the Bible reveals the saints presently in heaven have some knowledge of things on earth. Those in the intermediate state see and/or know about things that are happening on the earth – at least those things that God wants them to know. In fact, how could God exert sovereign rule over all the earth and his saints who are with him in heaven not have some knowledge of it? Saints in heaven rejoice over repenting sinners, according to Jesus in Luke 15:7, 10: I say unto you, there is joy in the presence of the angels of God over one sinner that repenteth. In heaven they are advised of the fall of Babylon the great, and rejoice (Revelation 18:20). Those in the intermediate state praise and extol the mighty works of God, as in Revelation 19:1-4: “I heard a great voice of much people in heaven, saying, Alleluia; Salvation, and glory, and honour, and power, unto the Lord our God: for true and righteous are his judgments: for he hath judged the great whore, which did corrupt the earth with her fornication, and hath avenged the blood of his servants at her hand...Alleluia.” Those in the intermediate state seek God’s just resolution of sin and evil (Revelation 6:9-10). They eagerly await the resurrection and gathering of all saints (2 Corinthians 5:1-31 Thessalonians 4:14-16). Death is a “gain” and “far better” – they are happy and at rest (Philippians 1:21-23; Revelation 14:13).

Revelation 14:13 And I heard a voice from heaven saying unto me, Write, Blessed are the dead which die in the Lord from henceforth: Yea, saith the Spirit, that they may rest from their labours; and their works do follow them.


[i] Hymn III of Charles Wesley’s Funeral Hymns, of 1759 uses the term “disembodied saints.” “And let this feeble body fail, And let it droop, or die, My soul shall quit the mournful vale, And soar to worlds on high: Shall join the disembodied saints, And find its long sought rest, (That only bliss for which it pants) In my Redeemer’s breast.”
[ii] The sleep is the sleep of the mortal body, not the spirit (1 Corinthians 15:50-55; 1 Thessalonians 4:13-15).
[iii] That is, they knew each other.

Monday, May 13, 2019

History in Genesis, and other links

The posting of links does not constitute an endorsement of the sites linked, and not necessarily even agreement with the specific posts linked.

Lying to yourself

“Above all, do not lie to yourself. A man who lies to himself and listens to his own lie comes to a point where he does not discern any truth either in himself or anywhere around him, and thus falls into disrespect towards himself and others. Not respecting anyone, he ceases to love, and having no love, he gives himself up to passions and coarse pleasures, in order to occupy and amuse himself, and in his vices reaches complete bestiality, and it all comes from lying continually to others and to himself. A man who lies to himself is often the first to take offense. It sometimes feels very good to take offense, doesn’t it? And surely he knows that no one has offended him, and that he himself has invented the offense and told lies just for the beauty of it, that he has exaggerated for the sake of effect, that he has picked on a word and made a mountain out of a pea--he knows all of that, and still he is the first to take offense, he likes feeling offended, it gives him great pleasure, and thus he reaches the point of real hostility.”
-- Fyodor Dostoyevsky, The Brothers Karamazov

Sunday, May 12, 2019

Joy in Heaven over a Repenting Sinner

“Joy in Heaven over a Repenting Sinner,” by Isaac Watts, is a 3-stanza Long Meter hymn related to the biblical texts of Matthew 18:12-14 and Luke 15:7-10. I found it in William Gadsdy’s Selection, No. 422. According to Hymnary.org, it has been published with the tunes Effingham, Stanfield, and others. I was impressed by the text and used it with my tune Archibald (see below), written in memory of Archibald Newton Whitten, compiler of the Harp of Ages.

1. Who can describe the joys that rise
Through all the courts of Paradise,
To see a prodigal return,
To see an heir of glory born?

2. With joy the Father does approve
The fruit of his eternal love;
The Son with joy looks down and sees
The purchase of his agonies.

3. The Spirit takes delight to view
The holy soul he formed anew;
And saints and angels join to sing,
The growing empire of their King.


Click on image to see larger version

Saturday, May 11, 2019

At it again

Early this month the Student Government Association of Trinity University recommended in a resolution that Chick-fil-A be removed from the campus. Similar to the rhetoric of the city council, Trinity’s SGA emphasizes “Trinity is a university that emphasizes its commitment to diversity and inclusion.” Chick-fil-A supports such heinous organizations as the Salvation Army and the Fellowship of Christian Athletes! The SGA hopes you will not notice their dirty little secret. Their diversity excludes those who are too diverse for their adamantine attitude, and their inclusion only includes those whom they approve.

How diverse is that?


Friday, May 10, 2019

Words, and more words, again

Some more words and their definitions:
  • autoschediaze, verb, intransitive. To do something hastily and without preparation; to extemporize, improvise.
  • avuncular, adjective. Of, relating to, or characteristic of an uncle.
  • blue-john, noun or adjective. Milk, that is becoming soured. Often applied to skimmed milk. Compare blinky.
  • bonification, noun. The action or an instance of making something good or better; amelioration, improvement; (in later use) spec. the reclamation of land for the purpose of cultivation, construction, etc.
  • Interweb, noun. The Internet or the World Wide Web.
  • materteral, adjective. Of, relating to, or characteristic of an aunt (particularly, maternal aunt; not in common use).
  • Moaning Minnie, noun, colloq. A siren or klaxon, esp. (now hist.) an air-raid siren.
  • ojek, noun. A trader who transports goods using a bicycle (a borrowing from Indonesian).
  • Pax Romana, noun. Originally, a state of relative peace maintained throughout large parts of the Roman Empire. Now also in extended use: a widespread (esp. international) state of peace maintained under any jurisdiction.
  • pungitive, adjective. That pricks or stings; sharp to the senses; fig. (chiefly Sc.) keen, biting.
  • roxy, adjective. Of fruit: overripe, almost rotten.
  • scrithe, verb, intransitive. To stride; move forward.
  • scribblemania, noun. Intense enthusiasm or mania for writing.
  • scutchell, noun. A narrow lane or passageway between buildings or hedges. Also: a narrow passage inside a house.
  • twitchel, noun. A path between hedges.
  • sprucify, verb, transitive. To make neat, trim, or attractive in appearance; to smarten; to spruce up.

Milton: This is true Liberty

John Milton:
This is true Liberty when free born men
Having to advise the public may speak free,
Which he who can, and will, deserv’s high praise,
Who neither can nor will, may hold his peace;
What can be juster in a State then this?

Thursday, May 09, 2019

Corporate Church, Consumer Membership, and other links

The posting of links does not constitute an endorsement of the sites linked, and not necessarily even agreement with the specific posts linked.

Wednesday, May 08, 2019

Biblical timeline from creation

The following is my approach to the biblical timeline of history and roughly estimating the age of the earth – adding and comparing the ages of the patriarchs, reigns of the kings and other dates mentioned in the Old Testament. It begins from biblical creation and does not correlate it to historical BCE dating. There are some variations from my previous A Biblical timeline from creation and maybe from Biblical timeline from Creation to Christ. I decided to repost it since I discussed the seven days of creation.

TOWARD A BIBLICAL TIMELINE FROM CREATION
ASC = after sixth-day of creation
Event Day/Year Biblical Reference/s
Creation Day 1 Genesis 1:1
Creation of Adam Day 6 Genesis 1:26-31
Death of Adam 930 ASC Genesis 5:5
Translation of Enoch 987 ASC Genesis 5:23-24
Death of Seth 1042 ASC Genesis 5:8
Birth of Noah 1056 ASC Genesis 5:28-29
Death of Enos 1140 ASC Genesis 5:11
Death of Cainan 1235 ASC Genesis 5:14
Death of Mahalalel 1290 ASC Genesis 5:17
Death of Jared 1422 ASC Genesis 5:20
Birth of Shem 1558 ASC Genesis 11:10
Death of Lamech 1651 ASC Genesis 5:31
Death of Methuselah 1656 ASC Genesis 5:27
Flood 1656 ASC Genesis 7:11
Birth of Arphaxad 1658 ASC Genesis 11:10
Tower of Babel 1757-1996 Gen 10:25; I Chron 1:19
Death of Peleg 1996 ASC Genesis 11:18-19
Death of Nahor 1997 ASC Genesis 11:24-25
Death of Noah 2006 ASC Genesis 9:29
Birth of Abram 2008 ASC Gen 11:32, 12:1-4; Acts 7:2-4
Death of Reu 2026 ASC Genesis 11:20-21
Death of Serug 2049 ASC Genesis 11:22-23
Death of Terah 2083 ASC Genesis 11:32
Calling of Abram 2083 ASC Genesis 12:1; Acts 7:4
Birth of Ishmael 2094 ASC Genesis 16:16
Death of Arphaxad 2096 ASC Genesis 11:12-13
Birth of Isaac 2108 ASC Genesis 21:5
Death of Salah 2126 ASC Genesis 11:14-15
Death of Sarah 2145 ASC Genesis 23:1-2
Marriage of Isaac 2148 ASC Genesis 25:20
Death of Shem 2158 ASC Genesis 11:11
Death of Abraham 2183 ASC Genesis 25:7
Death of Eber 2187 ASC Genesis 11:16-17
Birth of Jacob & Esau 2168 ASC Genesis 25:26
Marriage of Esau 2208 ASC Genesis 26:24
Death of Ishmael 2231 ASC Genesis 25:17
Marriage of Jacob 2252 ASC Genesis 29:20-28
Birth of Reuben 2252 ASC Genesis 29:32
Birth of Joseph 2259 ASC Genesis 30:22-24
Jacob leaves Laban 2265 ASC Genesis 31:41
Joseph sold to slavery 2276 ASC Gen 37:2,28
Death of Isaac 2288 ASC Genesis 35:28
Death of Jacob 2315 ASC Genesis 47:9,28; 49:33
Death of Joseph 2369 ASC Genesis 50:22,26
Birth of Moses ca 2433 80 years before the Exodus
Moses flees Egypt ca 2473 40 years before the Exodus
The Exodus from Egypt 2513 ASC Gal 3:17; 430 from calling of Abram
The Wandering 2513-2553 40 years in the Wilderness
Death of Moses 2553 ASC Deuteronomy 34:5-7
Entrance into Canaan 2553 ASC Joshua 1:1-2
Time of the Judges ca 450 yrs Acts 13:20; circa 450 years
Saul made King 2949 ASC I Samuel 10:20-24
David made King 2989 ASC II Sam 2:4; 5:4; I Kings 2:11
Solomon made King 3029 ASC I Kings 2:12
Temple began 3033 ASC I Kings 6:1; 480 after the Exodus
Temple finished 3040 ASC I Kings 6:37-38
End of Solomon's reign 3069 ASC I Kings 11:42
Kingdom divided 3070 ASC 1st year of Rehoboam
Calling of Isaiah 3290 ASC Last year of Uzziah
Captivity of Israel 3317 ASC II Kings 18:10-12
Captivity of Judah 3449 ASC II Kings 25:1-21 (70 years)
Decree of Cyrus 3519 ASC 2 Chron 36:21-23; Isaiah 45
Ezra 1-6 3519 ASC Ezra 1:1-3
Haggai and Zechariah 3539 ASC Haggai 1:1; Zechariah 1:1
Esther 3575 ASC Esther 1:1-3
Ezra 7-10 3601 ASC Ezra 7:1
Nehemiah 3614 ASC Nehemiah 1:1
Coming of Jesus 4002 ASC Dan 9:24-27; 483 from Cyrus decree

Tuesday, May 07, 2019

24 Hour-Days

The word “day” is used three ways in the Bible – (1) a 24 hour cycle (day & night, an entire revolution of the earth); (2) the period of time between sunrise and sunset (i.e. daylight); or (3) some unspecified period of time (i.e. figurative). This introduces the possibility that the days of creation – those seven days mentioned in the first chapter of Genesis 1:1–2:3 in theory might be any one of these three.[i] Which is biblically correct?

Reasons that the first seven days are 24-hour periods

  • “Day” in the Bible sometimes means indefinite, undefined, or prolonged periods (Cf. 2 Tim. 4:8). However, in all five of Moses’s books (the Pentateuch) when “day” is used with a numerical adjective,[ii] its meaning is restricted to a literal 24-hour day (Cf. Exod. 12:15; Lev. 23:5; Num. 29:17; Deut. 5:14). Genesis chapter 1-2 is no exception.
  • The specific mention of evening and morning indicates that the Bible is speaking of 24-hour days. The writer’s intent is to describe these days just like any other days. Evening and morning is meaningless if referring to some unknown length of time. Bible days began at sunset rather than at midnight as our days (Cf. Gen. 1:5; Exod. 12:18; Lev. 23:32).
  • If one interprets the evening as the first half of an extended period of time – say, 1000 years, for example – and the morning the second half, then an evening lasted 500 years and a morning 500 years. The evening is darkness and the day is light (Gen. 1:4-5). What happened to the plants created on the third day when the 500-year evening of the fourth day came? The same goes for the animals, and so on.
  • Gen. 1:14 ties the work of the “lights in the firmament of the heaven” not only to the division of day and night, but also to dividing time into years. If normal units of time are not referenced, the text becomes obscure and abstruse.
  • Adam was 930 years old when he died (Cf. Gen. 5:5). If Genesis Chapter 1 days were 1000-year periods, Adam would have been over 1000 years old on the second day of his existence and over 2000 by the time he died – since he was created on the sixth day. 930 years old becomes meaningless, whereas the writer clearly intends to convey chronological/genealogical history. The first seven days were the same kind of days Adam lived all of his life, and by which the days of his life were counted. If each day of Adam’s life were 1000 years, Adam would have been around 334,800,000 years old when he died![iii]
  • Why would it take God 6000 years to create the world? God did not need 1000-year days – the theistic evolutionists need that length of time to explain their views. The Genesis account tells of a God who spoke and things came into existence. None said these days were ages before the scientists said the earth was billions of years old. The motive behind lengthening the first seven days is make the Bible conform to science – to fit the belief that the earth if billions of years old. Many scientific theories oppose God’s Word. No proven scientific fact disagrees with the Bible. Should scientists ever arrive at the truth, they will find Bible-believers are already there! 
  • Man’s six work days correspond precisely to God’s six work days. Man’s day of rest corresponds to God’s day of rest. Man’s seven-day week is the same as God’s seven-day week. See Exodus 20:8-11. The first seven days are the same kind of days as our 24-hour days – the first week a week by which all weeks thereafter are patterned. The truth is plain and simple in Genesis, if we have eyes to see and are not searching for something else.
  • Jesus and his disciples accepted Genesis 1 and 2 as plain, simple, straightforward history. When Jesus taught concerning marriage, he went back to “the beginning of creation” (Mark 10:6). God made them male and female.” When he spoke of “that tribulation” he made comparison to real history – “the beginning of the creation which God created until now” (Mark 13:19). When Paul sought to explain the origin of sin (Rom. 5:12-14) or the fact of the resurrection (1 Cor. 15:45), he rooted his argument in real biblical history. Over and over the biblical writers, in both Old and New Testaments, accepted the creation account as written, without excuse.


[i] This writing is a revision of 7 things about the first 7 days from February 2013.
[ii] That is, “first day” (Gen. 1:5), “second day” (Gen. 1:8), “third day” (Gen. 1:13), “fourth day” (Gen. 1:19), “fifth day” (Gen. 1:23), “sixth day” (Gen. 1:31), “seventh day” (Gen. 2:3).
[iii] 930 years X 1000 year-days X 360 days in a year equals 334,800,000 years.